[:en]Bulk Mail[:zh]邮件群发

邮件群发服务器的安装和配置

黄忠 系统管理 , 3 Comments

1. 准备一台VPS，安装好Linux系统（建议是Centos6.x 64位版本）；

2. 准备好域名，如果使用多IP则准备多个域名，也可以使用多个二级域名代替；

3. 对不同的二级域名做好A记录、rDNS反向解析，设置好主域名的 MX、SPF、DKIM 记录；

帖子: 邮件服务器设置 rDNS、MX、SPF、DKIM 等DNS记录

4. 安装、配置 PMTA (PowerMTA)；

帖子: PowerMTA （PMTA） 的安装和设置方法
帖子: PowerMTA 多个虚拟 PMTA config 的配置文件实例

5. 整合 phpList、OEMPRO 或者 Interspire 前台群发、统计、管理系统，包括创建广告、定时发送、用户管理，以及订阅、退订页面和退信处理；

帖子: Interspire 通过 PowerMTA (PMTA) 群发邮件的配置
帖子: Oempro 通过 PowerMTA (PMTA) 群发邮件的配置
帖子: PHPList 通过 PowerMTA (PMTA) 群发邮件的配置

6. 管理、维护群发系统，及时查看、处理退信，调整发信策略。

帖子: ROKSO、SBL、XBL、PBL、DBL 是什么意思？

PowerMTA 多个虚拟 PMTA config 的配置文件实例

黄忠 系统管理 , , 66 Comments 
#
# $Id: config 2015-03-24 16:00:00 Jack $
# Sample PowerMTA configuration file
# PowerMTA 多个虚拟 PMTA config 的配置文件实例

#
# E-mail address for mailer's administrator (please specify!)
#
postmaster admin@mydomain.com
domain-key my-domain,*,/etc/dkim.key

#
# Settings per source IP address (for incoming SMTP connections)
#
<source 127.0.0.1>
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from 127.0.0.1
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    allow-mailmerge yes
</source>

<source 23.45.67.100>           # phplist or oempro installed
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from mailer.mydomain.com
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    hide-message-source true
    remove-header Received
    allow-mailmerge yes
</source>

<source 102.202.33.2>
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from 102.202.33.2
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    hide-message-source true
    remove-header Received
</source>

<source 102.202.33.3>
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from 102.202.33.3
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    hide-message-source true
    remove-header Received
</source>

<source 102.202.33.4>
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from 102.202.33.4
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    hide-message-source true
    remove-header Received
</source>

<source 102.202.33.5>
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from 102.202.33.5
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    hide-message-source true
    remove-header Received
</source>

<source 102.202.33.6>
    always-allow-relaying yes   # allow feeding from 102.202.33.6
    process-x-virtual-mta yes   # allow selection of a virtual MTA
    max-message-size 0          # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes            # allow SMTP service
    hide-message-source true
    remove-header Received
</source>

<source 0/0>                    # matches all
    log-connections no
    log-commands    no          # WARNING: verbose!
    log-data        no          # WARNING: even more verbose!
    allow-unencrypted-plain-auth no
    default-virtual-mta mta-pool
    process-x-virtual-mta yes
    smtp-service yes
    always-allow-api-submission yes
</source>

<virtual-mta mta1>
    auto-cold-virtual-mta 23.45.68.200 mpta.mydomain.com   # MPTA installed
    <domain *>
        max-cold-virtual-mta-msg 100/day
    </domain>
    smtp-source-host 23.45.68.200 mpta.mydomain.com        # MPTA installed
</virtual-mta>

<virtual-mta mta2>
    auto-cold-virtual-mta 102.202.33.2 name2.newdomain.com # config multiple domains/IPs
    domain-key edm-mail,*,/etc/dkim.key
    <domain *>
        max-cold-virtual-mta-msg 100/day
        dkim-sign yes
        dkim-identity @mydomain.com
    </domain>
    smtp-source-host 102.202.33.2 name2.newdomain.com
</virtual-mta>

<virtual-mta mta3>
    auto-cold-virtual-mta 102.202.33.3 name3.newdomain.com # config multiple domains/IPs
    domain-key edm-mail,*,/etc/dkim.key
    <domain *>
        max-cold-virtual-mta-msg 100/day
        dkim-sign yes
        dkim-identity @mydomain.com
    </domain>
    smtp-source-host 102.202.33.3 name3.newdomain.com
</virtual-mta>

<virtual-mta mta4>
    auto-cold-virtual-mta 102.202.33.4 name4.newdomain.com # config multiple domains/IPs
    domain-key edm-mail,*,/etc/dkim.key
    <domain *>
        max-cold-virtual-mta-msg 100/day
        dkim-sign yes
        dkim-identity @mydomain.com
    </domain>
    smtp-source-host 102.202.33.4 name4.newdomain.com
</virtual-mta>

<virtual-mta mta5>
    auto-cold-virtual-mta 102.202.33.5 name5.newdomain.com # config multiple domains/IPs
    domain-key edm-mail,*,/etc/dkim.key
    <domain *>
        max-cold-virtual-mta-msg 100/day
        dkim-sign yes
        dkim-identity @mydomain.com
    </domain>
    smtp-source-host 102.202.33.5 name5.newdomain.com
</virtual-mta>

<virtual-mta mta6>
    auto-cold-virtual-mta 102.202.33.6 name6.newdomain.com # config multiple domains/IPs
    domain-key edm-mail,*,/etc/dkim.key
    <domain *>
        max-cold-virtual-mta-msg 100/day
        dkim-sign yes
        dkim-identity @mydomain.com
    </domain>
    smtp-source-host 102.202.33.6 name6.newdomain.com
</virtual-mta>


<virtual-mta-pool mta-pool>
    virtual-mta mta2
    virtual-mta mta3
    virtual-mta mta4
    virtual-mta mta5
    virtual-mta mta6
</virtual-mta-pool>

#
# SMTP users (authenticated via SMTP AUTH)
#
#<smtp-user API>
#    password "changeme"
#</smtp-user>

<smtp-user user1>
    password R45eoDwZ
    source {auth}
</smtp-user>
<smtp-user user2>
    password R45eoDwZ
    source {auth}
</smtp-user>

<source {auth}>
    always-allow-relaying yes    # allow feeding for defined users
    process-x-virtual-mta yes    # allow selection of a VirtualMTA
    max-message-size 0           # 0 implies no cap, in bytes
    smtp-service yes             # allow SMTP service
    require-auth true
    default-virtual-mta mta-pool
</source>

#
# Settings per outgoing domain
#
#<domain discard.port25.com>
#    max-smtp-out    800
#    route           [192.168.0.1]:2525  # bypasses DNS resolution
#</domain>
#
#<domain test.port25.com>
#    max-smtp-out    1
#    log-connections yes
#    log-commands    yes     # WARNING: verbose!
#    log-resolution  no      # WARNING: verbose!
#    log-data        no      # WARNING: even more verbose!
#</domain>

#
# "{gmImprinter}" is a special queue used for imprinting Goodmail tokens.
#
<domain {gmImprinter}>
    max-events-recorded 150
    log-messages yes
    log-data no              # extremely verbose, for debugging only
    retry-after 15s
</domain>

<domain *>
    max-smtp-out    2        # max. connections *per domain*
    bounce-after    4d12h       # 4 days, 12 hours
    retry-after     60m      # 10 minutes
    max-msg-rate 100/h
    max-msg-per-connection 20
    max-errors-per-connection 10
    smtp-greeting-timeout 1m                # added in v3.2r17
    bounce-upon-no-mx yes
    mx-connection-attempts 3                # added in v3.2r16
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    backoff-to-normal-after 2h              # added in v3.5
    backoff-max-msg-rate 50/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 90m
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>

#
# Goodmail imprinter configuration
#
#<gm-imprinter>
#    account-id ID               # replace with value from mailcenter
#    imprinter-id ID             # replace with value from mailcenter
#    imprinter-password PW       # replace with value from mailcenter
#
#    # If the directives below are not specified, defaults are picked as
#    # described in the Goodmail documentation
#
#    default-token-class 1       # optionally set as appropriate
#    default-content-type 1      # optionally set as appropriate
#    default-payer-id ID         # optionally set as appropriate
#    default-obo-id ID           # optionally set as appropriate
#</gm-imprinter>


#
# Port used for HTTP management interface
#
http-mgmt-port 8080

#
# IP addresses allowed to access the HTTP management interface, one
# per line
#
http-access 127.0.0.1 monitor
#http-access 10.1.0.10 none
#http-access 10.1.0/24 admin
http-access 21.34.56.78 admin


#
# Synchronize I/O to disk after receiving the message.  'false' yields
# higher performance, but the message may be lost if the system crashes
# before it can write the data to disk.
#
sync-msg-create false

#
# Synchronize I/O to disk after updating the message (e.g., to mark recipients
# handled).  'false' yields higher performance, but if the system crashes
# before it can write the data to disk, some recipients may receive multiple
# copies of a message.
#
sync-msg-update false

#
# Whether to run the PowerMTA deamon as root
#
run-as-root no

#
# WARNING -- changing the settings below will probably break
#            RPM installation, logrotate, etc.

#
# Logging file name
#
log-file /var/log/pmta/log          # logrotate is used for rotation

#
# Accounting file(s)
#
<acct-file /var/log/pmta/acct.csv>
#    move-to /opt/myapp/pmta-acct   # configure as fit for your application
    move-interval 5m
    max-size 50M
</acct-file>

#
# Spool directories
#
spool /var/spool/pmta

# EOF

<smtp-pattern-list backoff>
#
# A QUEUE IN BACKOFF MODE WILL SEND MORE SLOWLY
# To place a queue back into normal mode, a command similar
# to one of the following will need to be run:
# pmta set queue mode=normal yahoo.com
# or
# pmta set queue mode=normal yahoo.com/vmta1
#
# To use backoff mode, uncomment individual <domain> directives
#
#Yahoo Errors
reply /421 .* Please try again later/ mode=backoff
reply /421 Message temporarily deferred/ mode=backoff
reply /VS3-IP5 Excessive unknown recipients/ mode=backoff
reply /VSS-IP Excessive unknown recipients/ mode=backoff
#
# The following 4 Yahoo errors may be very common
# Using them may result in high use of backoff mode
#
reply /[GL01] Message from/ mode=backoff
reply /[TS01] Messages from/ mode=backoff
reply /[TS02] Messages from/ mode=backoff
reply /[TS03] All messages from/ mode=backoff
#
#Hotmail Errors
reply /exceeded the rate limit/ mode=backoff
reply /exceeded the connection limit/ mode=backoff
reply /Mail rejected by Windows Live Hotmail for policy reasons/ mode=backoff
#
#Adelphia Errors
reply /421 Message Rejected/ mode=backoff
reply /Client host rejected/ mode=backoff
reply /blocked using UCEProtect/ mode=backoff
#
#Road Runner Errors
reply /Mail Refused/ mode=backoff
reply /421 Exceeded allowable connection time/ mode=backoff
reply /amIBlockedByRR/ mode=backoff
reply /block-lookup/ mode=backoff
reply /Too many concurrent connections from source IP/ mode=backoff
#
#General Errors
reply /too many/ mode=backoff
reply /Exceeded allowable connection time/ mode=backoff
reply /Connection rate limit exceeded/ mode=backoff
reply /refused your connection/ mode=backoff
reply /try again later/ mode=backoff
reply /try later/ mode=backoff
reply /550 RBL/ mode=backoff
reply /TDC internal RBL/ mode=backoff
reply /connection refused/ mode=backoff
reply /please see www.spamhaus.org/ mode=backoff
reply /Message Rejected/ mode=backoff
reply /refused by antispam/ mode=backoff
reply /Service not available/ mode=backoff
reply /currently blocked/ mode=backoff
reply /locally blacklisted/ mode=backoff
reply /not currently accepting mail from your ip/ mode=backoff
reply /421.*closing connection/ mode=backoff
reply /421.*Lost connection/ mode=backoff
reply /421 *connection limit exceeded/ mode=backoff
reply /476 connections from your host are denied/ mode=backoff
reply /421 Connection cannot be established/ mode=backoff
reply /421 temporary envelope failure/ mode=backoff
reply /421 4.4.2 Timeout while waiting for command/ mode=backoff
reply /450 Requested action aborted/ mode=backoff
reply /550 Access denied/ mode=backoff
</smtp-pattern-list>

#
# http://postmaster.info.aol.com/
<domain aol.com>
    max-smtp-out 3
    max-msg-per-connection 20
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    421-means-mx-unavailable yes
    backoff-to-normal-after 4h              # added in v3.5
    # backoff-notify admin@mydomain.com
    backoff-max-msg-rate 20/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 120m
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
<domain tom.com>
    max-smtp-out 3
    max-msg-per-connection 20
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    421-means-mx-unavailable yes
    backoff-to-normal-after 2h              # added in v3.5
    backoff-max-msg-rate 20/h               # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 120m
    # backoff-notify admin@mydomain.com
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
<domain yahoo.com>
    max-smtp-out 3
    max-msg-per-connection 20
    smtp-greeting-timeout 1m                # added in v3.2r17
    mx-connection-attempts 5                # added in v3.2r16
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    backoff-to-normal-after 2h              # added in v3.5
    backoff-max-msg-rate 50/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 90m
    # backoff-notify admin@mydomain.com
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
<domain gmail.com>
    max-smtp-out 3
    max-msg-per-connection 50
    smtp-greeting-timeout 1m                # added in v3.2r17
    mx-connection-attempts 5                # added in v3.2r16
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    backoff-to-normal-after 2h              # added in v3.5
    backoff-max-msg-rate 50/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 90m
    # backoff-notify admin@mydomain.com
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
<domain hotmail.com>
    max-smtp-out 3
    max-msg-per-connection 50
    421-means-mx-unavailable yes
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    backoff-to-normal-after 2h              # added in v3.5
    backoff-max-msg-rate 50/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 90m
    # backoff-notify admin@mydomain.com
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
<domain msn.com>
    max-smtp-out 3
    max-msg-per-connection 50
    smtp-pattern-list backoff
    backoff-to-normal-after 2h              # added in v3.5
    backoff-max-msg-rate 50/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
    backoff-retry-after 90m
    # backoff-notify admin@mydomain.com
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
<domain att.net>
    max-smtp-out 2
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
</domain>
#
# may be outdated ?http://security.comcast.net/get-help/comcast-post-master-page.aspx
# recommended usage ?http://postmaster.comcast.net/avoidblocks.html
# http://feedback.comcast.net/
<domain comcast.net>
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
    max-smtp-out 2
    max-msg-per-connection 20
</domain>
#
#
# Excite
#
# We have heard reports that Excite.com limits senders to 1,000 emails in a 10 minute period per IP during the day, but is unlimited between 1:00am to 5:00am MDT. While we cannot confirm these reports, here is what can be done in PowerMTA if you are having trouble sending to excite.com. Use the following settings:
#
#
<domain excite.com>
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
    backoff-max-msg-rate 100/h              # Use with PowerMTA 3.5
</domain>

#
#The setting backoff-max-msg-per-hour will cause PowerMTA to take the total amount, divide it by 12, and send no more than that amount in 5 minute intervals over the hour. The number of recent delivery attempts is not kept in persistent storage, so re-starting PowerMTA resets the limit, possibly causing it to actually be exceeded. You may want to set it a little lower than 6000 to give yourself a buffer.
##Now for the tricky part.
#You will need to set the server to run the command pmta set queue mode=normal excite.com/* every night at 1am MDT (cron job in Linux or scheduled task in Windows). This will cause PowerMTA to go into normal mode, and send email in an unrestricted manner. At 5am MDT, schedule the command pmta set queue mode=backoff excite.com/* to run. This will put all excite.com email in backoff mode, and the above settings will go back into place.
#
# Comcast
#
#From the following page:
#http://customer.comcast.com/Pages/FAQViewer.aspx?seoid=RL000001
#It seems that Comcast has added some rate limiting based on your SenderScore (https://www.senderscore.org/).
#As such, The following configuration can be used (in conjunction with max-msg-per-connection and max-smtp-out from above), changing the rate based on your score and the data from Comcast抯 site:
#
<domain comcast.net>
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
    max-msg-rate 100/h
</domain>
<domain dkimvalidator.com>
    dk-sign yes
    dkim-sign yes
    max-msg-rate 50/h
</domain>